Today is our topic of discussion Definition of Trichomoniasis
Definition of Trichomoniasis
Definition:
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
Distribution:
The disease can affect both men and women, but the symptom differs. Most common STD among females. Urethra and prostrate of male harbors the trichomonas. The parasite cannot survive in the mouth or rectum,
Mode of transmission:
Sexual contact with an infected partner (penis-to-vagina or vulva-to-vulva)
Clinical features:
Women:
1. Profuse, offensive vaginal discharge (usually following menstruation). The discharge is thin, greenish-yellow, frothy or foamy
2. Itching and irritation range from mild to severe around the genitalial
3. Swelling of the labia
4. History of similar symptoms may be present
5. Discomfort with intercourse
6. May have no symptoms
7. Urinary symptoms: Dysuria (painful urination) and frequency
Men:
1. The majority have no symptoms
2. Urethral discharge & dysuria
3. Burning after urination or ejaculation
4. Pain and swelling in the scrotum
5. Occasionally, some men with trichomoniasis may develop prostatitis or epididymitis.
On examination:
1. Thin, froathy, greenish to yellow, offensive discharge per vagina
2. The vulva is inflamed & evidence of pruritus – Scratch marks, abrasions, redness may be seen.
3. PV examination: May be painful. Red inflamed walls with punctate hemorrhages
Treatment:
For vaginal infections:
Metronidazole, 2 g orally, in a single dose (avoided in first trimester of pregnancy) Or Tinidazole, 2 g orally, in a single dose
For urethral infections:
Metronidazole, 400 mg or 500 mg orally, twice daily for 7 days Or Tinidazole, 500 mg orally, twice daily for 5 days
Sexual intercourse avoided until treatment completion & partners treated even if no symptoms.
Prevention:
See ‘prevention & control measures for STD’ above.
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